You would think the drivers would have the wherewithal not to depart at the same time as their colleague, regardless of if they are late or not. Let the more delayed bus go first, the less delayed bus can wait a bit longer.
At Finch at Greenview/Beecroft there was a red light. So the buses were literally back to back, nothing in between them.
Late night, no traffic, this should not happen for a route.
I blame management, the drivers just want to be "on time".
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A few quick bits:
1) Early/late are only typically looked at by management at terminals, not mid-point stops, though some longer routes to do have multiple 'timing points' where operators should, in theory adjust if running hot (early).
2) The TTC, generally, only penalizes early departures, not late. Leaving a terminal early can get you written up.
3) The TTC's previous on-time standards were, for a generation, +3/-3 (a six minute window early or late); this was changed under Andy Byford to -+1, -5. so up to 1 min early and 5 min late. While Leary nixed the early, going to 0/-5 as the standard.
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Comment: I think the standard should be 0 (never early) / - 3. A bus should not be more than 3 minutes late w/o explanation. (an operator doesn't need to be in trouble, but deviations should be accounted for, and adjustments made as required).
I also think timing points en route are important, I think there should be one roughly every 10-12 minutes along any route, where buses should hold if running early, and this should be enforced.
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On schedules. Under Rick Leary bus and streetcar schedules were bloated, with terminal or recovery time. This was done to eliminate late departures and short turns,, but has the effect of paying operators to idle vehicles for large amounts of time, for much of the typical day.
Lets take a look a fairly typical Service Summary (thanks to Steve Munro who catalogs all of these)
So you see here that on typical weekday, the service is nominally spending ~25% of its time idle ( 9-10 minutes on a total 40 minute run) in reality, the budgeted drive times themselves have wiggle room in them, which often leads to a bus arriving at Main Station before the previous bus has departed.
Without considering stop removals or TSP or like improvements, the same number of buses, could provide, with a standard 5 minute recovery/terminal time (enough for a quick bathroom break for the operator) and a slightly tighter schedule, every 8 minute service in the AM rush, and the same during mid-day. This would, initially reduce passenger load per bus, the numbers of stops where passengers board/alight, and make the route run faster.
Add some minor tweaks to address the slowest part of the route (exiting Main Stn, Main/Danforth intersection, and Danforth Main to Dawes) and you could drop scheduled run times by 3 minutes or more, cut a couple of stops per direction and make it 4, that's enough to cut headway by another minute.
Most routes have similar schedule bloat and related issues.